The first year was the Islamic year beginning in 622 CE during which the emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred. Hence, we Muslims typically call our calendar the Hijri calendar.
The current Islamic year
is 1433 AH, from approximately 26 November 2011 (evening) to 14 November 2012
(evening).
We all know about 12
months of English Calendar but have we ever try to know our 12 Islamic months
and the significance of each .Let us study our Islamic months.
1.
Muharram "Forbidden/Sacred”: so called because it was unlawful (haram)
to fight during this month.Muharram is the second most sacred Muslim month and
includes the Day of Ashura.
2.
Safar "void”: supposedly named because pagan
Arabs looted during this month and left the houses empty.
3.
Rabīʿ I (Rabīʿ al-Awwal) "the first spring".
4.
Rabīʿ II (Rabīʿ ath-Thānī or Rabīʿ al-Ākhir) "the second (or last) spring”.
5.
Jumādā I (Jumādā al-Ūlā) "the first month of parched land”:Often considered the pre-Islamic
"summer".
6.
Jumādā II (Jumādā ath-Thāniya or Jumādā al-Ākhira) "the second (or last) month of parched land".
7.
Rajab "respect"
or "honor”:
This is another sacred month in which fighting was traditionally forbidden.
8.
Shaban
"scattered": Marking the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed to find water.
9.
Ramadan"scorched":
Ramadan is the most
venerated month of the Hijri calendar, during which we Muslims fast between
dawn and sunset.
10. Shawwal "raised" : as she-camels begin to raise their
tails during this time of the year, after giving birth.
11. Dhu al-Qi’da “the one of truce": Dhu al-Qi'da was another month
during which war was banned.
12. Dhu al-Hijja "the one of
pilgrimage" :
referring to the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj.
Muharram
First month of the
Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: Muharram means `forbidden` and is from those months which have been mentioned as sacred in the Holy Quraan. Almighty Allah states in the Holy Quraan:
"Four of them ( Zil-Qadah,
Zil-Hijjah, Muharram and Rajab) are sacred."
(Surah
At-Tawbah:36)
Blessing: The Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) said:
"The best of fasts besides the
month of Ramadhan is the fasting of Allah's month of Muharram."
(Muslim)
In another Hadeeth, Hazrat Ibn Abbas
(Radhiyallahu-Anhu) reports: "that the Messenger of Allah
(Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) said: "The one that keeps a fast in the month
of Muharram will receive the reward of thirty fasts for each fast (in this
sacred month)."
(Tabraani)
10th of Muharram(Day of Ashura): The tenth day of this
sacred month is known as Aashora. It is one of the most important and
blessed days of Allah in the Islamic calendar. Some Ulama (scholars) are
of the opinion that before the fasts of Ramadhan were made compulsory, the fast
of the day of Aashora was compulsory upon the Ummah.
This is stated in a Hadeeth reported by
Hazrat Aisha (Radhiyallahu-Anha):
"that the Holy Prophet
(Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) ordered the observance of the fast of
Aashora. However, when the fast of Ramadhan became compulsory, then
whosoever wished, kept this fast and whosoever desired did not observe this
fast."
(Bukhari)
But, nevertheless the Prophet
(Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) continued to fast this day and encouraged his
Companions to do the same.
Abu Qataada (R.A.)
has related that the Prophet Muhammad(pbuh)
has reported to have said, It is my thought that by fasting on the 10th of
Muharram Allah Ta'aalaa will pardon the sins of the past year. (Tirmizi)
The Prophet (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) has
exhorted and encouraged his Ummah to fast on this day. He said: "This
fast is a compensation for the (minor) sins of the past year."
(Muslim)
One should also observe the fast of the 9th Muharram to safeguard his deed from resemblance with the Non-Muslims who fast only on the 10th Muharram.
Hazrat Ibn Abbas (Radhiyallahu-Anhu)
said:
"When Rasulullah
(Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) observed the fast of the day of Aashora and
ordered (his Companions) to fast, they said: `O Rasulullah! It is a day revered
(glorified) by the Jews and Christians.' Thereupon Rasulullah
said: "The coming year, if Allah wills (I remain alive), I will for surely
fast on the ninth (also)."
(Muslim)
These Ahadeeth indicate clearly that one
should fast on the ninth and tenth of Muharram. However, if one does not manage
to fast on the ninth, then he/she should fast on the eleventh of Muharram
instead.
The Holy Prophet (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam)
said:
"Observe the fast of Aashora
and oppose the Jews. Fast a day before it or a day after."
(Baihaqi)
One should be generous on one's family and
dependants and spend more on them than what is normally spent.
Rasulullah (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) said:
Rasulullah (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) said:
"One who generously spends on his family
on the day of Aashora, Allah will increase (his provision) for the whole
year." (Baihaqi)
These are the only actions supported by Ahadeeth.
Let us observe this great day according to
the ways of Rasulullah (Sallallahu-Alayhi-Wasallam) and the Sahabah
(Radhiyallahu-Anhum), and refrain from all innovations which deprive us of the
blessings from Almighty Allah.
May Allah guide us all upon the Straight Path
and save us from every act which brings His displeasure.
Events:
1st – Start of new
Islamic year
2nd – Arrival of Imam Hussain(a.s.) in Karbala – (61 A.H.)
7th – Access to water was blocked from the camp of Imam Hussain(a.s.) – the 3rd Holy Imam ‐ (61 A.H.)
10th – Ashoora ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Hussain(a.s.) and his companions ‐ (61 A.H.)
11th – Prophet Mohammad(sawaw)’s family was shackled and taken away as prisoners
12th – Soyem of the martyrs of Karbala
16th – Change of direction of qibla from Bait‐al‐maqdas to Kaaba ‐ (2 A.H.)
17th – Attack of Abraha’s army on Khana‐e‐Kaaba (1 Aamul Feel)
25th – Martyrdom of Imam Ali Zain‐al‐Abideen(a.s.) – the 4th Holy Imam ‐ (95 A.H.)
2nd – Arrival of Imam Hussain(a.s.) in Karbala – (61 A.H.)
7th – Access to water was blocked from the camp of Imam Hussain(a.s.) – the 3rd Holy Imam ‐ (61 A.H.)
10th – Ashoora ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Hussain(a.s.) and his companions ‐ (61 A.H.)
11th – Prophet Mohammad(sawaw)’s family was shackled and taken away as prisoners
12th – Soyem of the martyrs of Karbala
16th – Change of direction of qibla from Bait‐al‐maqdas to Kaaba ‐ (2 A.H.)
17th – Attack of Abraha’s army on Khana‐e‐Kaaba (1 Aamul Feel)
25th – Martyrdom of Imam Ali Zain‐al‐Abideen(a.s.) – the 4th Holy Imam ‐ (95 A.H.)
·
Hadhrat Hussain (R.A.) was martyred in this month.
·
Shaykhain Tirmizi & Haakim has narrated from Anas (R.A) that the
following verse:
"Allah may forgive thee of thy sins that which
is past and that which is to come . . ."
(Qur'an Al-Fath 48:2)
was revealed on the 10th of Muharram.
(Qur'an Al-Fath 48:2)
was revealed on the 10th of Muharram.
·
The Prophet Muhammed (pbuh)
went to defeat Bani Muhaarin and Bani Tha'laba (Tribes of Bani Gatfan) in the
year 4 A.H. (Asahhus-siyar)
·
Qiyaamah will take place on the 10th of Muharram
Safar
Second month
of the Islamic calendar
Meaning: This word means "whistling of the wind". When this name was
assigned to this month, it was probably a windy time of the year. As mentioned
earlier, most of the months were named according to weather conditions at the
time. However, since they are based on the moon, the months shift about 11 days
every year. So, the seasons do not necessarily correspond to the name of the
month anymore.
The root of the name, ṣafar, has three basic areas of meaning: 1) whistle, hiss, chirp; 2) be
yellow, pale (for humans); 3) to be empty, devoid, vacant. The name of the
month likely derives from the color yellow or vacancy
Misconception:
This time of the
year was considered to be cursed as many catastrophes and calamities took
place. However this belief has been proven to be false and totally
without foundation (absurd).
This can also be
confirmed by the following hadeeth.
Hadhrat Jaabir (R.A.) has said that, "I have heard the Prophet (pbuh) saying, the descending of illness and evil superstition befalling in the month of Safar is untrue." (Muslim).
Hadhrat Jaabir (R.A.) has said that, "I have heard the Prophet (pbuh) saying, the descending of illness and evil superstition befalling in the month of Safar is untrue." (Muslim).
The truth is that no time, day, month or date is in itself evil, but the
deeds of people are either good or bad. The time spent in the performance of
good deeds will be auspicious and the time spent in sin and the disobedience of
Allah Ta'la will be evil and ominous .
Though Islam
is free from all superstitions, some Muslims still hold many incorrect beliefs
about the month of Safar.
1.
A Nikah (Marriage)
performed in the month of Safar would not be successful.
They should know that ‘Ali ibn Abu Talib R married Fatimah
R, the youngest daughter of the Messenger of Allah, Muhammad
S, in the month of Safar of the year 2H (Hijrah).
2.
Many Muslims still believe that the month of Safar
is full of misfortune and calamities. They should remember that all months and
days are made by Allah (God) and are the same.
3.
Any important venture or business etc. started
during this month will bring bad luck.
4.
First thirteen days of the month of Safar
are inauspicious and evil.
5.
Anyone who distributes food or money on the 13th of
Safar wiII be saved from its ill-fortune.
6.
To celebrate the last Wednesday of Safar
and regard it as a holiday.
Events:
1st – Battle of Siffin – (36‐37 A.H.)
3rd – Birth of Imam Mohammad Baqir(a.s.) – the 5th Holy Imam – (57 A.H.) [Disputed date]
6th, 8th or 13th – Martyrdom of Hazrat Sakina bint‐al‐Hussain(a.s.) – (61 A.H.)
7th – Birth of Imam Moosa al‐Kazim(a.s.) – the 7th Holy Imam ‐ (128 A.H.)
7th – Martyrdom of Imam Hasan(a.s.) – the 2nd Holy Imam ‐ (50 A.H.) [Disputed date]
17th – Martyrdom of Imam Ali ibn‐e‐Moosa ar‐Riza(a.s.) – the 8th Holy Imam ‐ (203 A.H.)
19th – Abraha attacked Khana‐e‐Kaaba – (1 Aamul Feel)
20th – Arbaeen of martyrs of Karbala
28th – Wisal of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) – (11 A.H.)
28th – Martyrdom of Imam Hasan(a.s.) – the 2nd Holy Imam ‐ (50 A.H.)
29th – Martyrdom of Imam Ali ibn‐e‐Moosa ar‐Riza(a.s.) – the 8th Holy Imam ‐ (203 A.H.) [Disputed date]
3rd – Birth of Imam Mohammad Baqir(a.s.) – the 5th Holy Imam – (57 A.H.) [Disputed date]
6th, 8th or 13th – Martyrdom of Hazrat Sakina bint‐al‐Hussain(a.s.) – (61 A.H.)
7th – Birth of Imam Moosa al‐Kazim(a.s.) – the 7th Holy Imam ‐ (128 A.H.)
7th – Martyrdom of Imam Hasan(a.s.) – the 2nd Holy Imam ‐ (50 A.H.) [Disputed date]
17th – Martyrdom of Imam Ali ibn‐e‐Moosa ar‐Riza(a.s.) – the 8th Holy Imam ‐ (203 A.H.)
19th – Abraha attacked Khana‐e‐Kaaba – (1 Aamul Feel)
20th – Arbaeen of martyrs of Karbala
28th – Wisal of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) – (11 A.H.)
28th – Martyrdom of Imam Hasan(a.s.) – the 2nd Holy Imam ‐ (50 A.H.)
29th – Martyrdom of Imam Ali ibn‐e‐Moosa ar‐Riza(a.s.) – the 8th Holy Imam ‐ (203 A.H.) [Disputed date]
·
The Battle of Abwaa took place on 12th of Safar in the year 2 A.H.
·
The Battle of Khaibar took place in the year 7 A.H.
·
Hadhrat Ali (R A ) married Prophet (pbuh)daughter
Hadhrat Fatima (R.A.) in the latter days of Safar 2 A.H.
·
Khubaib Ibn Adey (R.A.) was martyred in Safar in the year 4 A.H. in
Makkah.
·
Zaid Ibn Dathina (RA) was martyred in this month in the year 4 A.H. in
Makkah.
Third month of the Islamic calendar . From Superstitions into Light.
Meaning: First month of spring. It seems it was spring time when the name
was given.
Events:
1st – Hijrat‐e‐Madina – Start of Islamic Hijri calendar
4th – Death of Hazrat Fatima Masooma‐e‐Qum(a.s.) – (201 A.H.) [Disputed date]
8th – Martyrdom of Imam Hasan Askari(a.s.) – the 11th Holy Imam ‐ (260 A.H.)
8th – Beginning of Ghaibat‐e‐Sughra of Imam Mohammad Mehdi(atfs) ‐ the 12th Holy Imam(a.s.)
9th – Eid‐e‐Zahra(s.a.)
10th – Death of Hazrat Abdul Mutallib(a.s.) – grand father of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw)
10th – Marriage of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) and Hazrat Khadija(s.a.)
15th – Building of Masjid‐e‐Quba ‐ the first Masjid in Islam – (1 A.H.)
17th – Birth of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) – (53 years before Hijra)
17th – Birth of Imam Jafer Sadiq(a.s.) – the 6th Holy Imam ‐ (82 A.H.)
25th – Death of Hazrat Abu Talib(a.s.)
4th – Death of Hazrat Fatima Masooma‐e‐Qum(a.s.) – (201 A.H.) [Disputed date]
8th – Martyrdom of Imam Hasan Askari(a.s.) – the 11th Holy Imam ‐ (260 A.H.)
8th – Beginning of Ghaibat‐e‐Sughra of Imam Mohammad Mehdi(atfs) ‐ the 12th Holy Imam(a.s.)
9th – Eid‐e‐Zahra(s.a.)
10th – Death of Hazrat Abdul Mutallib(a.s.) – grand father of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw)
10th – Marriage of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) and Hazrat Khadija(s.a.)
15th – Building of Masjid‐e‐Quba ‐ the first Masjid in Islam – (1 A.H.)
17th – Birth of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) – (53 years before Hijra)
17th – Birth of Imam Jafer Sadiq(a.s.) – the 6th Holy Imam ‐ (82 A.H.)
25th – Death of Hazrat Abu Talib(a.s.)
·
The Holy
Prophet (pbuh) was born in this month as mercy for all
and departed from this world 63 years later.
·
The Holy
Prophet (pbhuh) migrated from Makkah to Madinah
Munawwarah.
·
Battle of
Buwaat took place in the year 2 A.H.
·
Battle of
Saf'vaan took place in the year 2 A.H.
·
Abu Bakr's(R.
A) daughter, Asma (R.A.) was born 6 years before Prophecy.
·
Ruqayyah (R.
A.) the daughter of the beloved Prophet (pbuh) was born 7 years before Prophecy.
·
Abu Bakr
(RA.) was appointed Caliph.
·
Hadhrat Umme
Kuithum was married in this month to the third Caliph; Uthman (R.A.) in 3 A.H.
·
Wife of the
Holy Prophet (pbuh) Zainab (RA.) passed away in the year 4
A.H.
·
Ibrahim (RA.)
the son of Maaria Qibtiya & of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) passed away in the year 10 A.H.
Fourth month of the
Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: The second month of spring.
Events:
8th or 10th – Birth of Imam Hasan Askari(a.s.) – the 11th Holy Imam ‐ (232 A.H.)
10th – Death of Hazrat Fatima Masooma‐e‐Qum(a.s.) – (201 A.H.) [Disputed date]
8th or 10th – Birth of Imam Hasan Askari(a.s.) – the 11th Holy Imam ‐ (232 A.H.)
10th – Death of Hazrat Fatima Masooma‐e‐Qum(a.s.) – (201 A.H.) [Disputed date]
·
Battle of Furu' from Buhraan took place in 3 A.H Sariyyah-Battle in
which the Holy Prophet (pbuh) did not take part in, instead he consigned one of his Companions as the
colonel. The consigned: Sariyyah Ali Ibn Abi Talib in the 9th
Hijri. Sariyyah-Ibn Alqamah Mujaazziz Mudlejee.
·
Hadrat Khwaja Nizamuddin- 18th Rabi-ul-Akhir: 725 Hijri. Hadrat
Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilanee- 11th Rabi-ul-akhir: 561 Hijri passed away at the
age of 90.
Fifth month of the
Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: The first month of summer. "Jumada" means dry.
Events:
5th –
Birth of Hazrat Zainab bint‐e‐Ali(a.s.) – (5 A.H.)
13th – Death of Hazrat Fatima Zahra(s.a.) – (11 A.H.)
15th – Birth of Imam Ali Zain‐al‐Abideen(a.s.) – the 4th Holy Imam ‐ (38 A.H.) [Disputed date]
17th – Battle of Jamal – (36 A.H.
13th – Death of Hazrat Fatima Zahra(s.a.) – (11 A.H.)
15th – Birth of Imam Ali Zain‐al‐Abideen(a.s.) – the 4th Holy Imam ‐ (38 A.H.) [Disputed date]
17th – Battle of Jamal – (36 A.H.
·
The Battle "Moota" took place in 8 A.H. A war against
infidels in which th Holy Prophet (pbuh) did not
participate. Th battle is named after a famous city in Syria
(Moota). Hadrat Zaid Ibn Haritha (R.A) was the first appointed General by
the Holy Prophet (pbuh)
·
In the same Battle Hadrat Khalid ibn Walid (fourth general of the Battle
of Moota) was proclaimed by the Holy Prophet (pbuh) as being "one of the swords of Allah".
·
The Holy Prophet (pbuh) married his first beloved wife; Hadrat Khadijah
(R.A) 15 years prior to Prophecy.
·
Deaths:
o
Hadrat Zaid Ibn Haritha (R.A) met martyrdom in 8 A.H
o
Hadrat Ja'far Ibn Abi Talib (R.A.) met martyrdom in 8 A.H.
o
Hadrat Abdullah Ibn Rawaahah met martyrdom in 8 A.H.
o
Hadrat Abdullah Ibn Uthman (R.A.) passed away.
o
The Holy Prophet (pbuh) grandfather Abdul Muttalib passed away 32 years
prior to prophency.
Sixth month of the
Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: Second month of summer.
Events:
10th – Battle of Mauta and martyrdom of Hazra
Jafer Tayyar(a.s.) – (3 A.H.)
13th – Death of Hazrat Umm‐ul‐Baneen – Mother of Hazrat Abbas(a.s.)
20th – Birth of Hazrat Fatima Zahra(s.a.)
13th – Death of Hazrat Umm‐ul‐Baneen – Mother of Hazrat Abbas(a.s.)
20th – Birth of Hazrat Fatima Zahra(s.a.)
·
Battle of Salaasil took place in 8 A.H.
·
Abu Salama (R.A) died in the year 4 A.H.
Seventh month
of the Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: From Rajaba "to respect". Another one
of the sacred months in which fighting was forbidden prior to Islam. This was
one of the most respected months for the Arabs. It is also called Rajab
al Fard. Fard means alone; because the other three sacred months come one after
another, except this month. It comes alone not like the other 3
consecutive sacred months.
Events:
1st – Birth of Imam Mohammad Baqir(a.s.) – the 5th Holy
Imam ‐ (57 A.H.)
2nd or 5th – Birth of Imam Ali Naqi al‐Hadi(a.s.) – the 10th Holy Imam ‐ (214 A.H.)
3rd – Martyrdom of Imam Ali Naqi al‐Hadi(a.s.) – the 10th Holy Imam ‐ (254 A.H.)
10th – Birth of Imam Mohammad Taqi al‐Jawwad(a.s.) – the 9th Holy Imam ‐ (195 A.H.)
12th – Death of Hazrat Abbas ibn‐e‐Abdul Muttalib(a.s.) – uncle of Prophet Mohammad(sawaw)
13th – Birth of Imam Ali(a.s.) – the 1st Holy Imam ‐ (30 Aamul Feel)
13th, 14th, 15th – Ayyam‐e‐Bayd – the bright days
15th – Death of Hazrat Zainab bin‐e‐Ali(a.s.) – (62 A.H.)
20th – Birth of Hazrat Sakina bint‐al‐Hussain(a.s.) – (57 A.H.)
24th – Battle of Khaibar – (7 A.H.)
25th – Martyrdom of Imam Moosa‐e‐Kazim(a.s.) – the 7th Holy Imam ‐ (183 A.H.)
26th – Death of Hazrat Abu Talib(a.s.) [Disputed date]
27th – Event of Mairaj – Ascension of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) towards heavens
28th – Start of journey of Imam Hussain(a.s.) towards Karbala – (60 A.H.)
29th – Battle of Tabooq – (9 A.H.)
2nd or 5th – Birth of Imam Ali Naqi al‐Hadi(a.s.) – the 10th Holy Imam ‐ (214 A.H.)
3rd – Martyrdom of Imam Ali Naqi al‐Hadi(a.s.) – the 10th Holy Imam ‐ (254 A.H.)
10th – Birth of Imam Mohammad Taqi al‐Jawwad(a.s.) – the 9th Holy Imam ‐ (195 A.H.)
12th – Death of Hazrat Abbas ibn‐e‐Abdul Muttalib(a.s.) – uncle of Prophet Mohammad(sawaw)
13th – Birth of Imam Ali(a.s.) – the 1st Holy Imam ‐ (30 Aamul Feel)
13th, 14th, 15th – Ayyam‐e‐Bayd – the bright days
15th – Death of Hazrat Zainab bin‐e‐Ali(a.s.) – (62 A.H.)
20th – Birth of Hazrat Sakina bint‐al‐Hussain(a.s.) – (57 A.H.)
24th – Battle of Khaibar – (7 A.H.)
25th – Martyrdom of Imam Moosa‐e‐Kazim(a.s.) – the 7th Holy Imam ‐ (183 A.H.)
26th – Death of Hazrat Abu Talib(a.s.) [Disputed date]
27th – Event of Mairaj – Ascension of Prophet Muhammad(sawaw) towards heavens
28th – Start of journey of Imam Hussain(a.s.) towards Karbala – (60 A.H.)
29th – Battle of Tabooq – (9 A.H.)
·
The Holy Prophet (pbuh)
ascended to Heaven on the 27th of Rajab on either Sunday or Monday (Mi'raaj).
·
Hadhrat Bilal Ibn Haritha (R.A)
brought a congregation of four hundred men named Banu Muzeena in the presence
of the Holy Prophet (pbuh).
They all embraced Islam and became followers of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) in the year 5 A.H
·
The battle of Tabook took place in the year 9 A.H. This was the last
battle in which the Holy Prophet (pbuh)
participated.
·
The second Oath of Aqabah took place in Rajab, 12 A.H.
·
Deaths:
o Imam Abu Hanifa
(R.A) passed away on the 15th of Rajab 150 A.H.
o Imam Shafi'ee (R.A)
passed away on the 14th Rajab 204 A.H.
o Imam Muslim (R.A)
passed away on the 24th of Rajab 261 A.H.
o Imam Nawawee (R.A)
passed away on the 14th of Rajab 677 A.H.
Eight month of the Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: Consecutively escalating. (Undisturbed increase). Derived from the word "shu'ba", which means branch. The Arabs used to branch out during this month to look for water.
Blessings:
With the Arrival of the Shaban moon numerous blessings are showered upon us. Just as the initiation of rainfall begins with "pitter patter" such blessings reach us in the same accord and fashion.
With the Beginning of Shaban blessings are initiated which progressively escalate so that by mid-Shaban the blessings have reached a considerable amount and finally such blessings reached a considerable amount and finally such blessings reach their peak by the end of Ramadan.
For example just as a farmer prepares for a fruitful harvest by harrowing his acreage so that the soil may readily retain water, in contrast our souls are geared by the presence of such blessings in Shaban effectively preparing us for a fruitful and completely advantageous Ramadan.
Our Holy Prophet (pbuh) has said, "Shaban is my month and Ramadan the month of Allah Ta'aalaa." (Daylami)
Events:
1st ‐ Birth of Hazrat Zainab bint‐e‐Ali(a.s.) ‐ (5 A.H.)
3rd ‐ Birth of Imam Hussain(a.s.) ‐ the 3rd Holy Imam ‐ (4 A.H.)
4th ‐ Birth of Hazrat Abbas(a.s.) ‐ (26 A.H.)
5th ‐ Birth of Imam Ali Zain‐al‐Abideen(a.s.) ‐ the 4th Holy Imam ‐ (38 A.H.)
7th ‐ Birth of Hazrat Qasim ibn‐e‐Hasan(a.s.) ‐ (48 A.H.)
8th ‐ Beginning of Ghaibat‐e‐Sughra of Imam Mohammad Mehdi(atfs) – the 12th Holy Imam ‐ (260 A.H.)
11th ‐ Birth of Hazrat Ali Akbar(a.s.) ‐ (44 A.H.)
13th, 14th, 15th ‐ Ayyam‐e‐Bayd ‐ the bright days
14th ‐ Evening ‐ Aamal of Neema‐e‐Shabaan
15th ‐ Birth of Imam Mohammad Mehdi(atfs) ‐ the 12th Holy Imam ‐ (255 A.H.)
27th, 28th, 29th ‐ Fasting 3 days prior to Ramzan‐ul‐Mubarak
·
"Laila-tul Baraa'at (Night
of forgiveness) the fifteenth night of Shaban.
·
"Qibla", the direction to be adopted
within salaah, was reverted back to the "Ka'aba" in Makkah (after
being coverted to Baitul Muqaddas in Jerusalem for a short period of
time). This took place two years after Hijraah on the 15th of Shaban.
·
Fasting in the blessed month of
Ramadan was made compulsory in the year 2 A.H. on the 25th of Shaban.
·
Three years A.H. Hadhrat Hafsa
(R.A) was joined in matrimony with the Prophet (pbuh).
·
In this very month forty two
years later Hadhrat Hafsa (R.A) took leave from this world.
·
The birth of the
Prophet's (pbuh) grandson Hadhrat
Hussain (R.A.) took place, four years on the fifth of Shaban.
·
The battle of Banu Mustaliq
took place in Shaban.
·
During the above mentioned
battle, the "Aayah of Tayammum" (Purifying with sand before salaah)
was revealed, in the year 5 A.H.
·
The daughter of the beloved
Prophet (pbuh) Umme Kulthum (R.A.)
took leave from this world, in the 9 A.H.
Ninth month of the Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: Derived from "RAMADHA", literally means "intense heat". The possible reasons for this meaning:
1. When the Islamic months were enforced the month of fasting coincided with the summer months of intense heat.
2. The second reason which has been mentioned is that due to fasting the temperature within the stomach increases, again the element of heat is a factor behind the actual naming of RAMADAN.
3. It has also been said that "RAMADHAA" is one of the names of Allah Ta'aalaa. If that is the case then the month has acquired the name due to the fact that Allah Ta'aalaa burns away accumulated sins and eliminates then from the list of unlawful deeds. Once again the burning sins cannonades "HEAT". However. it should be acknowledged that this reasoning is not wholly reliable.
Blessings:
Hadhrat Salmaan (R.A) reports that on the last day of Sha'baan the Messenger of Allah Ta'aalaa addressed then and said, "Oh people, there comes before you now a great month, a most blessed month in which lies a night more greater in virtue than 1,000 months; (LAYLATUL-QADR). It is a month in which each day should be observed by fasting, this has been made obligatory by the Almighty Allah."
Events:
7th – Death of Hazrat Abu Talib(a.s.) [Disputed date]
10th ‐ Death of Hazrat Khadija(a.s.) ‐ wife of Prophet Mohammad(sawaw)
11th – Moakhat ‐ Brotherhood among Ansar and Muhajireen ‐ (1 A.H.)
13th, 14th, 15th ‐ Ayyam‐e‐Bayd ‐ the bright day
15th ‐ Birth of Imam Hasan(a.s.) ‐ the 2nd Holy Imam ‐ (2 A.H.)
17th ‐ Battle of Badr ‐ (2 A.H.)
19th Evening ‐ Probable night of Shab‐e‐Qadr ‐ the night of power
19th ‐ Imam Ali(a.s.) injured by an attack by a munfiq ‐ (40 A.H.)
20th ‐ Conquest of Makkah ‐ (8 A.H.)
21st Evening ‐ Probable night of Shab‐e‐Qadr ‐ the night of Power
21st ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Ali(a.s.) ‐ the 1st Holy Imam ‐ (40 A.H.)
23rd Evening ‐ Most probable night of Shab‐e‐Qadr ‐ the night of Power
26th – Jumatul Wida – Last Friday of Ramzan
27th ‐ Another probable night of Shab‐e‐Qadr ‐ the night of Power
·
Hadhrat Hasan (R.A.), Holy
Prophet (pbuh) grandson was born on
15th of Ramadan, three years after Hijrah.
·
Qur'an was revealed on the 27th
night of Ramadan from the "Lauhe Mahfooz" (on 7th heaven) to 1st
heaven.
·
The first Battle in the Islamic
History, "BATTLE OF BADR" took place on the 12th of Ramadan in year 2
A.H.
·
Victory of Makkah took place on
18th of Ramadan in the year 8 A.H.
·
Hadhrat Sawdah (R.A) was
married in year 10 A.H. to the Holy Prophet (pbuh)
·
Hadhrat Zainab Bint Khuzaima's
(R.A.) marriage took place in the year 3 A.H. to the Holy Prophet (pbuh).
·
Deaths:
§ Hadhrat Ruqayyah (R.A), Holy Prophet (pbuh) daughter, passed away at the young age of 23 in the year 2
A.H when the Prophet (pbuh) was at
"Battle of Badr".
§ Hadhrat Khadijah (R.A), wife of the Holy prophet (pbuh) departed from this world on the
11th of Ramadan in the year 10 A.H.
§ Hadrat Fatimah (R.A) took leave from the world on a Tuesday 3rd Ramadan
in the year 11 A.H. (6 months after the death of Holy Prophet (pbuh) she was only 29 years old.)
§ Hadrat Abbas (R.A.) the Holy Prophet (pbuh)
uncle passed away on a Friday 12th Ramadan in the year 32 A.H at the age
of 88
§ Hadrat Ali (R.A.) the Prophet (pbuh)
son-in-law departed from this world on Friday 27th Ramadan, age 57 in the year
40 A.H.
§ Hadhrat Saffiyah (R.A.) took leave from this world in the year 50 A.H.,
aged 60 years.
§ Hadhrat Aa'ishah (R.A.) was 65 years old when she departed in the year 58
A.H.
Tenth month of the Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: Uplift/breakage, as before Islam, Arabs believed that any marriage held in Shawwal would always turn out to be unsuccessful. Taken from the word "shala" which means "when the female camel gets pregnant". When this name was given, the female camels used to get pregnant during this time of the year.
Blessings:
The first day of Shawwal is Eid-Ul-Fitr, the day of festival and when all sins are forgiven as a reward for fasting and prayers in the month of Ramadan.
Its Sunnah ( Tradition of Holy Prophet (pbuh) ) to fast for six days in Shawwal, as narrated in the following Hadeeth by Abu Ayyub Ansaru (R.A) that the Holy Prophet (pbuh) has said, "If one throughout his life keeps the fasts of Ramadan and keeps six consecutive fasts in Shawwal it will be as though he has kept a whole life time of fasts, and if one fast for six consecutive days in Shawwal it will be as though he has fasted all year round."
(Muslim)
Events:
1st – Eid‐ul‐Fitr
4th ‐ Start of Ghaibat‐e‐Kubra of Imam Mohammad Mehdi(atfs) – the 12th Holy Imam ‐ (329 A.H.)
5th ‐Arrival of Hazrat Muslim ibn‐e‐Aqeel(a.s.) in Kufa ‐ (60 A.H.)
6th ‐ Battle of Hunnain ‐ (6 A.H.)
8th – Demolition of Jannat‐ul‐Baqi
9th ‐ Battle of Khandaq ‐ (5 A.H.)
23rd ‐ Battle of Ohod & Martyrdom of Hazrat Hamza(a.r.) ‐ (3 A.H.)
25th ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Jafer Sadiq(a.s.) ‐ the 6th Holy Imam ‐ (148 A.H.)
30th ‐ Death of Hazrat Ibrahim(a.s.) ‐ son of Prophet Mohammad(sawaw) ‐ (10 A.H.)
4th ‐ Start of Ghaibat‐e‐Kubra of Imam Mohammad Mehdi(atfs) – the 12th Holy Imam ‐ (329 A.H.)
5th ‐Arrival of Hazrat Muslim ibn‐e‐Aqeel(a.s.) in Kufa ‐ (60 A.H.)
6th ‐ Battle of Hunnain ‐ (6 A.H.)
8th – Demolition of Jannat‐ul‐Baqi
9th ‐ Battle of Khandaq ‐ (5 A.H.)
23rd ‐ Battle of Ohod & Martyrdom of Hazrat Hamza(a.r.) ‐ (3 A.H.)
25th ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Jafer Sadiq(a.s.) ‐ the 6th Holy Imam ‐ (148 A.H.)
30th ‐ Death of Hazrat Ibrahim(a.s.) ‐ son of Prophet Mohammad(sawaw) ‐ (10 A.H.)
·
Hadhrat Aa'ishah Siddiqah (R.A)
was born in Shawwal, 4 years after Prophethood and 9 years before Hijrah.
·
Hadhrat Aa'ishah Siddiqah (R.A.) was married
to Holy Prophet (pbuh) in
Shawwal, 10 years after Prophethood which is 3 years before Hijrah.
·
The fight between Banu Qaynaqaa
took place between the battle of Badr and Uhud, Shawwal 2 A.H. after Hijrah.
·
The battle of Uhud also took
place in Shawwaal, three years after Hijrah.
·
Hadhrat Hussain (R.A) Holy
Prophet's(pbuh) grandson (son of Hadhrat
Fatima R.A.) was born in the month of Shawwaal 4 years after Hijrah.
·
The Holy Prophet (pbuh) married Hadhrat Umme Salamah (R.A.) in
Shawwal in the 4 year after Hijrah.
·
Hadhrat Aa'ishah Siddiqah's
(R.A) mother passed away in year 5 A.H.
·
The Holy Prophet's (pbuh) uncle Abu Talib departed from this world
in the middle of Shawwal in the year 5 A.H.
·
Imam Bukhari (R.A.) was born on
a Friday of Shawwaal in the year 194 A.H.
Eleventh month of the Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: Taken from the word "qa'ada" which means to sit. This is the third sacred month in which fighting was forbidden. The people also used to stop their business activities during this month and sit and prepare for the Hajj (Pilgrimage). This is also a sacred month.
Events:
1st ‐ Birth of Hazrat Fatima Masooma‐e‐Qum(a.s.) ‐ (183 A.H.)
1st ‐ Peace treaty of Hudaibiya ‐ (6 A.H.)
5th ‐Raising of foundation of Kaaba by Prophet Ibrahim(a.s.) and Prophet Ismael(a.s.)
8th ‐ Hajj made obligatory ‐ (8 A.H.)
11th ‐ Birth of Imam Ali ibn‐e‐Moosa ar‐Riza(a.s.) ‐ the 8th Holy Imam ‐ (148 A.H.)
23rd ‐Martyrdom of Imam Ali ibn‐e‐Moosa ar‐Riza(a.s.) ‐ the 8th Holy Imam ‐ (203 A.H.)
25th ‐ Equability of Earth ‐ Dahwul Ardh
29th ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Mohammad Taqi al‐Jawwad(a.s.) ‐ the 9th Holy Imam ‐ (220 A.H.)
·
The battle of 'khandaq (trench)
or Ahzab' took place in the year 5 A.H.
·
In the year 6 A.H.-Truce of
Hudaubiyah.
·
In the year 6 A.H 'Bay'at-e-Rizwaan'
(The oath of allegiance named Rizwaan).
·
he return to Makkah for Umrah
by Holy Prophet (pbuh) and his
Companions in the year 7 A.H.
Twelfth and last month of the Islamic Calendar.
Meaning: The month of "Hajj" (Pilgrimage). This is the last sacred month in which fighting was forbidden.
Blessings:
The fifth pillar of Islam "Hajj" is performed in this sacred month. The first ten days of Zul-Hijjah are the most virtuous days in this whole month, Hajj is performed amongst these ten days.
Hadhrat Abu Haraira (R.A) reports from the Holy Prophet (pbuh) : "Amongst all days there are none better to engage in sole worship of Allah than in the ten days of Zul-Hijjah, To observe a fast on any of these days is equivalent to fasting throughout the year, to actively engage in prayer and worship throughout any of these nights holds such rewarding values leveling with "night of power" (Laylatul-Qadr) "Tirmizi"
It has been stated in the Holy Qur'an, "By the dawn; By the ten nights (ie. the first ten days of the month of Zul-Hijjah), and by the even and the odd (of all the creations of Allah) and by night when it departs. There is indeed in them (the above oaths) sufficient proofs for men of understanding. (and that they should avoid all kinds of sins and disbelief)"
Hadhrat Abi Qataadah (R.A) reports in a part narration from the Holy Prophet (pbuh) concerning the fast observed on the day of Arafaat: "I have full confidence in Allah for the one who observes a fast on the day of Arafaat that his previous year's sins and the proceeding year's sins are forgiven."
(Muslim)
Events:
1st ‐ Marriage of Imam Ali(a.s.) and Hazrat Fatima
Zahra(s.a.) – (2 years before Hirja)
7th ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Muhammad Baqir(a.s.) – the 5th Holy Imam ‐ (114 A.H.)
9th ‐ Day of Arafat: Ziarat-e-Imam Hussain (as) on this Day | Ziarat-e-Jamia for this day
9th – Martyrdom of Hazarat Muslim ibn‐e‐Aqeel(a.s.) & Hazrat Hani ibn Urwah(a.s.) – (60 A.H.)
10th – Eid‐al‐Adha
10th – Hajj‐e‐Baitullah
15th ‐ Birth of Imam Ali Naqi al‐Hadi(a.s.) – the 10th Holy Imam ‐ (214 A.H.) [Disputed date]
18th – Eid‐e‐Ghadeer – (10 A.H.)
23rd ‐ Martyrdom of Hazrat Meesam al‐Tammar(a.r.) – friend of Imam Ali(a.s.) – ( 60 A.H.)
24th ‐ Eid‐e‐Mubahila ‐ (10 A.H.)
24th ‐ Supplication Day and giving of alms with the ring by Imam Ali(a.s.)
25th – Imam Ali(a.s.) accepts to become the Caliph of Islam – (35 A.H.)
7th ‐ Martyrdom of Imam Muhammad Baqir(a.s.) – the 5th Holy Imam ‐ (114 A.H.)
9th ‐ Day of Arafat: Ziarat-e-Imam Hussain (as) on this Day | Ziarat-e-Jamia for this day
9th – Martyrdom of Hazarat Muslim ibn‐e‐Aqeel(a.s.) & Hazrat Hani ibn Urwah(a.s.) – (60 A.H.)
10th – Eid‐al‐Adha
10th – Hajj‐e‐Baitullah
15th ‐ Birth of Imam Ali Naqi al‐Hadi(a.s.) – the 10th Holy Imam ‐ (214 A.H.) [Disputed date]
18th – Eid‐e‐Ghadeer – (10 A.H.)
23rd ‐ Martyrdom of Hazrat Meesam al‐Tammar(a.r.) – friend of Imam Ali(a.s.) – ( 60 A.H.)
24th ‐ Eid‐e‐Mubahila ‐ (10 A.H.)
24th ‐ Supplication Day and giving of alms with the ring by Imam Ali(a.s.)
25th – Imam Ali(a.s.) accepts to become the Caliph of Islam – (35 A.H.)
·
The
Prophet (pbuh) performed the
farewell Hajj and gave the historic sermon known as the "Farewell
Sermon"
·
Egypt was
conquered by the army sent by Hadhart Umar (R.A.)
·
Uthmaan
(R.A.) was appointed the third Caliph
·
Bay'ate-Aqabah"
·
Hadhrat Fatimah
(R.A.) was married in this holy month to the fourth Caliph Hadhrat Ali (R.A.)
·
Deaths:
o
Hadhrat Umar
(R.A.) met martydom- 27th of Zul-Hijjah in the year 26 A.H.
